Similarities and differences of myocardial metabolic characteristics between HFpEF and HFrEF mice based on LC-MS/MS metabolomics / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective: To reveal the similarities and differences in myocardial metabolic characteristics between heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) mice using metabolomics. Methods: The experimental mice were divided into 4 groups, including control, HFpEF, sham and HFrEF groups (10 mice in each group). High fat diet and Nω-nitroarginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME) were applied to construct a"two-hit"HFpEF mouse model. Transverse aortic constriction (TAC) surgery was used to construct the HFrEF mouse model. The differential expression of metabolites in the myocardium of HFpEF and HFrEF mice was detected by untargeted metabolomics (UHPLC-QE-MS). Variable importance in projection>1 and P<0.05 were used as criteria to screen and classify the differentially expressed metabolites between the mice models. KEGG functional enrichment and pathway impact analysis demonstrated significantly altered metabolic pathways in both HFpEF and HFrEF mice. Results: One hundred and nine differentially expressed metabolites were detected in HFpEF mice, and 270 differentially expressed metabolites were detected in HFrEF mice. Compared with the control group, the most significantly changed metabolite in HFpEF mice was glycerophospholipids, while HFrEF mice presented with the largest proportion of carboxylic acids and their derivatives. KEGG enrichment and pathway impact analysis showed that the differentially expressed metabolites in HFpEF mice were mainly enriched in pathways such as biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, ether lipid metabolism, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism and arginine and proline metabolism. The differentially expressed metabolites in HFrEF mice were mainly enriched in arginine and proline metabolism, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, glycerophospholipid metabolism, nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism and arachidonic acid metabolism, etc. Conclusions: HFpEF mice have a significantly different myocardial metabolite expression profile compared with HFrEF mice. In addition, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, arachidonic acid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism and arginine and proline metabolism are significantly altered in both HFpEF and HFrEF mice, suggesting that these metabolic pathways may play an important role in disease progression in both types of heart failure.

Advances in Modeling of Multiple Myeloma in Mice / 中国医学科学院学报

Multiple myeloma(MM)is a systemic malignancy of plasma cells.Nowadays,the basic research on MM is flourishing with the continuous optimization and innovation of mouse models of MM.Heterologous mouse models of MM established with human-derived cells and immunodeficient mice have been applied in assessing drug efficacy,exploring drug resistance mechanisms,and observing tumor-bone marrow microenvironment interactions.In the last decades,the homologous mouse models of MM established with murine-derived cells or gene-editing technologies have been widely used in the research on the pathogenesis and drug development.Additionally,the stable modeling of targeted organ injury will be a key problem to be tackled in this field.This review summarizes the characteristics and application progress of mouse models of MM.

Progress in Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Modified Natural Killer Cells for Multiple Myeloma / 中国医学科学院学报

Although the development of novel drugs has significantly improved the survival of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) over the past decades,the lack of effective therapeutic options for relapsed and refractory MM results in poor prognosis.The chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has achieved considerable progress in relapsed and refractory MM.Nevertheless,this therapy still has limitations such as cytokine release syndrome,neurotoxicity,and off-target effects.Natural killer (NK) cells,as a critical component of the innate immune system,play an essential role in tumor immunosurveillance.Therefore,CAR-modified NK (CAR-NK) cells are put forward as a therapeutic option for MM.The available studies have suggested that multiple targets can be used as specific therapeutic targets for CAR-NK cell therapy and confirmed their antitumor effects in MM cell lines and animal models.This review summarizes the anti-tumor mechanisms,biological characteristics,and dysfunction of NK cells in the MM tumor microenvironment,as well as the basic and clinical research progress of CAR-NK cells in treating MM.

A pair of new isoflavonoid enantiomers from Dalbergia benthamii Prain / 药学学报

Thirteen isoflavones were separated and purified from an ethanol extract of the rhizome of Dalbergia benthamii Prain by using silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, recrystallization et al. Their structures were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral analysis such as MS, 1D/2D-NMR as dalbergibenthamin (1), butesuperin A (2), xanthocercin A (3), butesuperin B (4), di-O-methylalpinum isoflavone (5), 2′-deoxgisoaunculutin (6), robustone (7), 4′-hydroxy-5,7-dimethoxy-6-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-isoflavone (8), formononetin (9), 6″-O-rhamnosyldaidzin (10), 3′,4′-di-O-methylene-5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-6-isopentenyl isoflavone (11), derrubone dimethyl enter (12), and derrubone (13). Compound 1 is a pair of new isoflavonoid enantiomers, compound 12 is a new natural product and compounds 1-7 and 10-13 were obtained from D. benthamii Prain for the first time. In vitro cytotoxic activities of the compounds were explored by MTS testing with HL-60, A-549, SMMC-7721, MCF-7 and SW480 cell lines. Results show that compound 8 significantly inhibited cellular proliferation. The IC50 of compound 8 in A-549 and SW480 cells was 16.68 ± 0.19 and 15.21 ± 0.60 μmol·L-1.

Application of double plasma molecular adsorption system in children with acute liver failure / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the efficacy and safety of double plasma molecular absorption system (DPMAS) in the treatment of pediatric acute liver failure (PALF).@*METHODS@#A prospective analysis was performed on the medical data of children with PALF who were hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Hunan Children's Hospital, from March 2018 to June 2020. The children were randomly divided into two groups:plasma exchange group (PE group) and DPMAS group (@*RESULTS@#Compared with the PE group, the DPMAS group had a significantly lower number of times of artificial liver support therapy and a significantly shorter duration of ICU stay (@*CONCLUSIONS@#DPMAS is safe and effective in the treatment of PALF and can thus be used as an alternative to artificial liver support therapy.

Study on the secondary metabolites of grasshopper-derived fungi Arthrinium sp. NF2410 / 中国天然药物

Two new 2-carboxymethyl-3-hexyl-maleic anhydride derivatives, arthrianhydride A (1) and B (2), along with three known compounds 3-5, were isolated from the fermentation broth of a grasshopper-associated fungus Arthrinium sp. NF2410. The structures of new compounds 1 and 2 were determined based on the analysis of the HR-ESI-MS and NMR spectroscopic data. Furthermore, compounds 1 and 2 were evaluated on inhibitory activity against the enzyme SHP2 and both of them showed moderate inhibitory activity against SHP2.

Measurement of central corneal thickness in myopia patients by five methods / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To study the reliability of Pentacam, OCT, Tomey OA-2000, IOL Master700, and A ultrasound pachymetry in the measurement of central corneal thickness(CCT)in myopic eyes. <p>METHODS: CCTs of 56 myopic patients(112 eyes)were measured using Pentacam, RTVue OCT, Tomey OA-2000, IOL Master 700, and A ultrasound pachymetry(NIDEK US-500). The difference, correlation, and consistency were statistically analyzed using average values taken from the five devices and the measured values produced by each device. <p>RESULTS: CCTs of 112 eyes were determined using Pentacam(530.17±25.08)μm, OCT(519.79±26.90)μm, Tomey OA-2000(521.75±26.51)μm, IOL Master 700(519.53±28.15)μm, and A ultrasound pachymetry(542.23±26.88)μm. The average value across all five devices was 526.69±26.08μm. The results of root mean square error(RMSE)and theil inequality coefficient(TIC)showed that the degree of deviation from the average of the values measured using Pentacam was the smallest. The other four devices were, from least deviation to most, Tomey OA-2000, OCT, IOL Master 700, and A ultrasound pachymetry. Typical correlation analysis showed that the correlation coefficients between the measured values of Pentacam, OCT, Tomey OA-2000, IOL Master 700, and A ultrasound pachymetry and the average values were <i>ρ</i>=0.957, <i>P</i>=0.950, <i>P</i>=0.953, <i>P</i>=0.930, and <i>ρ</i>=0.949, respectively. The results of correlation coefficient showed that Pentacam and Tomey OA-2000 had the closest correlation with the average value. The other three were, in order of closest to furthest correlation, OCT, A ultrasound pachymetry and IOL master 700. The results also showed that the measurements of Pentacam and Tomey OA-2000 were more reliable, which was consistent with the clinical situation. The results of Bland-Altman analysis showed that the five groups of measurements were closely consistent with the average values, and the CCT measurements of Pentacam and Tomey OA-2000 were the most consistent with the average values.<p>CONCLUSION: Among the five instruments, Pentacam and Tomey OA-2000 produced results that were closest to the average value in CCT measurement, with the best correlation and consistency. Their measurement methods are more objective and safer than A-scan, so they may provide better reference data for clinical practice.

Guiding value of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring index in clinical prevention and treatment of elderly hypertensive population / 中华疾病控制杂志

Objective To study the application value of dynamic monitoring of blood pressure in the prevention and treatment of elderly hypertension. Methods 519 hypertensive patients from December 2017 to December 2018 were monitored with ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, and were divided into the elderly group (≥60 years old, 264 cases) and the control group (<60 years old, 255 cases). The results of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in two groups were analyzed, which inclued the circadian rhythm of blood pressure, blood pressure, pulse pressure, coefficient of variation of blood pressure, blood pressure load value, average heart rate and morning blood pressure surge. Results The incidence of abnormal circadian rhythm of ambulatory blood pressure in the elderly group was 76.5%. Compared with the control group, there were differences in the indexes of diastolic blood pressure (DBP), diastolic blood pressure load value (DBPLV), pulse pressure (PP), 24 h average heart rate (24 hAHR), systolic blood pressure coefficient of variation (SBPCV), 24 h diastolic blood pressure coefficient of variation (24 h DBPCV) and morning diastolic blood pressure surge (MDBPS) between the two groups(all P<0.05). There were differences in 24 h systolic blood pressure (24hSBP), night systolic blood pressure (nSBP), night diastolic blood pressure (nDBP), night pulse pressure (nPP), day systolic blood pressure load value (dSBPLV), ninght systolic blood pressure load value (nSBPLV), 24 h SBPCV, 24 h dDBPCV and other indicators among different blood pressure types in the elderly group (all P<0.05). Conclusion Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring indicators have important guiding value for the prevention and treatment of elderly hypertension.

Application of ARIMA model and BP neural network model in prediction of tuberculosis incidence in Gansu Province / 中华疾病控制杂志

Objective To investigate the predictive effect of autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model and back propagation neural network (BPNN)in the prediction of tuberculosis incidence in Gansu Province, and to select appropriate models to predict the incidence. Methods Based on the data of tuberculosis in Gansu Province from 1997 to 2017, the ARIMA time series model and BP neural network model were established to predict the incidence from 2018 to 2019, and the prediction accuracy and modeling effect of the two models were compared. Results For the incidence of tuberculosis in Gansu Province in 2018 and 2019, the ARIMA model predicted results were 55.1075, 54.5373, MSE=92.24, MAE=7.5313, MAPE=9.26%; BP neural network model predicted results were 62.0132, 73.4460, MSE= 9.6575, MAE = 1.1449, MAPE = 1.68%. Conclusions The BP neural network model has a better predictive effect on the incidence of tuberculosis in Gansu Province, and it shows that the incidence of tuberculosis in Gansu Province will increase slightly from 2018 to 2019.

Application of dexmedetomidine in children with agitation during ventilator weaning / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the clinical effect and safety of dexmedetomidine in children with agitation during ventilator weaning.@*METHODS@#A prospective open observational study was performed for children who were admitted to the intensive care unit and experienced mechanical ventilation between March 2017 and August 2018. They were given dexmedetomidine due to the failure in the spontaneous breathing test (SBT) caused by agitation. A sedation-agitation scale score of ≥5 was defined as agitation. The children were observed in terms of the sedation state at 0.5, 1, 2, 6, and 12 hours after the administration of dexmedetomidine, blood gas parameters before extubation and at 1, 24, and 48 hours after extubation, vital signs (heart rate, respiratory rate and mean arterial pressure) before SBT, before extubation, and at 10, 60, and 120 minutes and 24 hours after extubation, and incidence rates of adverse events related to the use of dexmedetomidine.@*RESULTS@#A total of 19 children were enrolled in this study. All the children were in a state of agitation at the time of enrollment. At 0.5, 1, 2, 6, and 12 hours after the administration of dexmedetomidine, 12, 17, 17, 18, and 18 children respectively reached the sedation state. There were no significant differences in the oxygenation index, arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide, heart rate, respiratory rate, and mean arterial pressure at each time point before and after extubation (P>0.05). No adverse events were observed, such as severe hypotension and respiratory depression, and only one child experienced reversible bradycardia.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Dexmedetomidine is safe and effective in children with agitation during ventilator weaning, but prospective randomized controlled trials are needed for verification.

Correlation of reproductive hormone levels and seminal plasma oxidative stress with semen quality in obese males / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>Objective</b>To investigate the correlation of the levels of reproductive hormones and oxidative stress in the seminal plasma with semen parameters in obese males.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Based on the body mass index (BMI), we divided 138 infertile men into three groups: normal (BMI <24 kg/m2, n = 48), overweight (24 kg/m2≤BMI<28 kg/m2, n = 47), and obesity (BMI ≥28 kg/m2, n = 43). We determined the concentrations of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteotropic hormone (LH), prolactin (PRL), testosterone (T) and estradiol (E2) in the serum by electrochemiluminescence and measured the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the seminal plasma by ELISA, compared the above indexes among the three groups, and analyzed their correlation with the semen volume, sperm concentration, total sperm count, and percentage of progressively motile sperm (PMS).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The semen volume was significantly lower in the obesity than in the normal group (［2.63 ± 0.74］ vs ［3.37 ± 1.00］ ml, P < 0.05), and so was the percentage of PMS in the overweight and even lower in the obesity than in the normal group (［47.91 ± 12.89］ and ［41.27 ± 15.77］ vs ［54.04 ± 13.29］%, P < 0.05). Compared with the normal group, both the overweight and obesity groups showed markedly decreased levels of serum T (［4.83 ± 1.42］ vs ［3.71 ± 1.22］ and ［3.49 ± 1.12］ ng/ml, P<0.05), T/LH ratio (1.53 ± 0.57 vs 1.19 ± 0.54 and 0.97 ± 0.51, P<0.05), SOD (［112.05 ± 10.54］ vs ［105.85 ± 6.93］ and ［99.33 ± 8.39］ U/ml, P<0.05), and GSTs (［31.75±6.03］ vs ［29.54±5.78］ and ［29.02±4.52］ U/L, P<0.05), but remarkably increased seminal plasma ROS (［549.93±82.41］ vs ［620.61±96.13］ and ［701.47±110.60］ IU/ml, P<0.05) and MDA (［7.46 ± 2.13］ vs ［8.72 ± 1.89］ and ［10.47 ± 2.10］ nmol/L, P<0.05). BMI was correlated positively with ROS and MDA, but negatively with the semen volume, PMS, T, T/LH, SOD and GSTs (P<0.05); LH negatively with sperm concentration, total sperm count and GSTs (P<0.05); PRL negatively GSTs (P<0.05); E2 positively with SOD (P<0.05); T positively with SOD (P<0.05) but negatively with MDA (P<0.05); T/LH positively with PMS and SOD (P<0.05) but negatively with ROS and MDA (P<0.05); SOD positively with semen volume, PMS and GSTs (P<0.05) but negatively with ROS and MDA (P<0.05); GSTs negatively with sperm concentration; total sperm count and MDA (P<0.05); ROS positively with MDA (P<0.01) but negatively with PMS (P<0.05); and MDA negatively with semen volume (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the independent factors influencing the semen volume were BMI and GSTs, those influencing the total sperm count were BMI and T, and those influencing PMS were BMI and MDA.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Increased BMI induces changes in the levels of male reproductive hormones and seminal plasma oxidative stress and affects semen quality, which may be associated with male infertility.</p>

Correlation of insulin resistance with male reproductive hormone levels and semen parameters / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>Objective</b>To investigate the influence of insulin resistance on male reproductive hormones and semen quality.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using the electrochemiluminescence method, we measured the levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin (PRL), estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T) in the serum of 83 infertile males. We detected the levels of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and fasting insulin (FINS) and calculated the insulin resistance index presented as homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Based on HOMA-IR, we divided the patients into three tertile groups, T1 (HOMA-IR 0.36－0.55, n = 27), T2 (HOMA-IR 0.56－0.80, n = 28) and T3 (HOMA-IR 0.81－1.97, n = 28), obtained their semen parameters by computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA) and analyzed the correlation of HOMA-IR with male reproductive hormone levels and semen parameters.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>With the elevation of HOMA-IR, the patients of the T1, T2 and T3 groups showed significant decreases in the serum T level (［14,26 ± 4.27］ vs ［14.75 ± 5.00］ vs ［11.62 ± 3.68］ nmol/L, P <0.05) and the percentage of progressively motile sperm (PMS) (［51.04 ± 15.10］% vs ［48.04 ± 16.24］% vs ［37.84 ± 18.23］%, P <0.05). HOMA-IR was correlated negatively with the serum T level (r = －0.333, P = 0.002), semen volume (r = －0.23, P = 0.029) and PMS (r = －0.27, P = 0.015), and so was FINS with the serum T level (r = －0.327, P = 0.003) and PMS (r = －0.315, P = 0.004), while the semen volume was correlated positively with the levels of serum T (r = 0.221, P = 0.048) and FSH (r = 0.222, P = 0.047). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that HOMA-IR was an independent influencing factor for PMS and the body mass index (BMI) was that for the semen volume and total sperm count.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Insulin resistance may reduce semen quality by changing the levels of male reproductive hormones.</p>

Study and Application Overview of Spectroscopy Method in TCM Tongue Diagnosis / 中国中医药信息杂志

Tongue diagnosis is one of unique techniques of TCM diagnosis. Its subjective and empirical description of written words, spoken language and pictures have been used until now, however, which cannot express the complete information of tongue image comprehensively and objectively. The development of modern technology provides new ideas and methods for the study of tongue diagnosis in TCM. For example, the application of spectroscopy is of great significance for restoring tongue image information. This article briefly introduced the spectroscopy method, summarized its research and application in the field of TCM tongue diagnosis, and put forward the problems and prospects to provide references for further research.

Fast Identification Analysis on Chemical Constituents in Mori Folium by Using UPLC-Q-TOF/MS Method / 中国中医药信息杂志

Obejective To conduct fast identification analysis on chemical constituents of Mori Folium UPLC-Q-TOF/MS method.Methods ACQUITY UPLC-Q-TOF/MS spectrometer was used, acetonitrile and water (containing 0.1％ formic acid) as mobile phase with gradient elution. The flow rate was 0.3 mL/min, with ESI negative ion mode detection, data analysis with Masslynx4.1 software.Results According to the retention time provided by the mass spectrometry, the exact molecular weight and the secondary mass spectrometry were used to analyze the fragments by referring to literature, and 19 chemical constituents of Mori Folium were identified and deduced.Conclusion The method can analyze the chemical constituents of Mori Folium rapidly, sensitively and comprehensively, and provide the basis for the study of the pharmacological basis of Mori Folium.

Study on dispensability of Chinese materia medica pharmaceutical system based on supramolecular imprinting template characteristics / 中草药

According to foundations of previous explications of basic theories of the Chinese materia medica (CMM) with supramolecular chemistry as “Qi chromatograpy”, we further analyzed the intrinsic characteristics of supramolecular “imprinting templates” aggregation, and then discussed on aspects of the development direction, characteristics, key issues to be solved as well as countermeasures by combining the historical development of CMM preparations. Under the guidance of supramolecular theories of CMM, CMM preparations can establish the system that are originated form the materials which are of “medical elements” direction with explicit reaction on supramolecular “imprinting templates” of human body and carrying out “Qi chromatography”, and implementing the integration of determinacy for single administration and compatibility for combination applications.

Expressions of SP and NK1R in eosinophil-enriched blood cells from patients with atopic dermatitis / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

Objective To investigate the expressions of substance P(SP)and neurokinin receptor(NK1R)in eosinophil-enriched cells from patients with atopic dermatitis(AD)so as to elucidate their possible roles in AD. Methods Blood samples were collected from healthy controls(HCs)and AD patients,and incubated with the extracts of Artemisia pollen,dust mite,and Platanus pollen for 1 h.The expressions of SP and NK1R in eosinophil-enriched cells were detected by flow cytometry.Results Level of NK1R in eosinophil-enriched cells from AD patients increased by 41% compared with that of HCs when cultured with the medium only(P= 0.001).In addition,the expression of SP in AD patients decreased by 1.17 folds(P＜0.001),and mean fluorescence intensity (MFI)of SP+eosinophils decreased by 55%(P＜0.001).However,allergens had little effect on the expressions of SP and NK1R in eosinophil-enriched cells from AD patients and HCs.Conclusion Upregulated expression of NK1R in AD indicates that eosinophil-derived NK1R may play an important role in AD.Antagonists or blockers of NK1R might be effective preparations for AD treatment.

Construction and bioactivity evaluation of hepatocyte growth factor-loaded poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the optimum conditions for preparing poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) nanoparticles and evaluate the bioactivity of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-loaded PLGA nanoparticles.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Bovine serum albumin (BSA)-loaded PLGA nanoparticles were prepared using a double emulsion-solvent evaporation method. The preparation process of nanoparticles was optimized by orthogonal test with the particle size, encapsulation efficiency (EE), drug loading (DD), and recovery as the indexes. HGF-loaded nanoparticles were then prepared under the optimized conditions. The EE, DD and release characteristics of BSA?loaded nanoparticles and HGF-loaded nanoparticles were evaluated using a BCA kit and HGF ELISA kit. The bioactivity of HGF-loaded nanoparticles was evaluated using CCK8 proliferation assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The HGF-loaded nanoparticles prepared under the optimized conditions had a uniform size with a mean diameter of 234.4∓4.8 nm, an EE of (77.75∓3.04)% and a recovery rate of (49.33∓9.34)%. The in vitro release curve highlighted an initial burst drug release followed by sustained release from the nanoparticles. HGF-loaded nanoparticles obviously promoted the proliferation of Hacat keratinocytes in vitro.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>HGF-loaded nanoparticles prepared using double emulsion?solvent evaporation method under optimized conditions possesses a high EE with a good sustained drug release profile and a good bioactivity.</p>

Efficient production of pullulan by Aureobasidium pullulans grown on mixtures of potato starch hydrolysate and sucrose

Abstract Pullulan is a natural exopolysaccharide with many useful characteristics. However, pullulan is more costly than other exopolysaccharides, which limits its effective application. The purpose of this study was to adopt a novel mixed-sugar strategy for maximizing pullulan production, mainly using potato starch hydrolysate as a low-cost substrate for liquid-state fermentation by Aureobasidium pullulans. Based on fermentation kinetics evaluation of pullulan production by A. pullulans 201253, the pullulan production rate of A. pullulans with mixtures of potato starch hydrolysate and sucrose (potato starch hydrolysate:sucrose = 80:20) was 0.212 h−1, which was significantly higher than those of potato starch hydrolysate alone (0.146 h−1) and mixtures of potato starch hydrolysate, glucose, and fructose (potato starch hydrolysate:glucose:fructose = 80:10:10, 0.166 h−1) with 100 g L−1 total carbon source. The results suggest that mixtures of potato starch hydrolysate and sucrose could promote pullulan synthesis and possibly that a small amount of sucrose stimulated the enzyme responsible for pullulan synthesis and promoted effective potato starch hydrolysate conversion effectively. Thus, mixed sugars in potato starch hydrolysate and sucrose fermentation might be a promising alternative for the economical production of pullulan.

Observations on the Therapeutic Effect of Combined Moxibustion and Medicine on the Clinical Remission Stage of Bronchial Asthma / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of gentle moxibustion plus oral Gushen Dingchuan pills in treating the clinical remission stage of bronchial asthma.Methods Ninety patients with bronchial asthma in the clinical remission stage were randomized to groups A,B and C,30 cases each.group A received moxa-stick gentle moxibustion;group B,oral administration of Gushen Dingchuan pills;group C,moxa-stick gentle moxibustion plus oral administration of Gushen Dingchuan pills.The course of treatment was three months in all the three groups.The TCM symptom score and the Asthma Control Test (ACT) score were recorded and serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) content was measured in the two groups before and after treatment.The clinical therapeutic effects were compared between the groups.Results The total efficacy rate was 76.7％ in group A,80.0％ in group B and 93.3％ in group C.there was a statistically significant difference in the total efficacy rate between group C and group A or B (P＜0.05).There were statistically significant pre-/post-treatment differences in the TCM symptom score,the ACT score and serum IgE content in all the three groups (P＜0.01).There were statistically significant post-treatment differences in the TCM symptom score,the ACT score and serum IgE content between between group C and group A or B (P＜0.01,P＜0.05).Conclusion Gentle moxibustion plus oral Gushen Dingchuan pills can improve immunologic function in patients with bronchial asthma in the clinical remission stage.

Establishment of A Myelodysplastic Syndrome Transformed to Leukemia Cell Line Stably Expressing Green Fluorescent Protein / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a myelodysplastic syndrome transformed to leukemia cell line stably expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP), and to evaluate its biological characteristics and applications.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>SKM-1 cells were transfected by lentiviral particles with vector of GFP. The GFP positive single cell clone was isolated by limiting dilution and continued being cultured. The cells were injected into mice subcutaneously and were screened in vivo. Then SKM-1/GFP cells were obtained after tumour plaque was separated and cultivated. The cell morphology was observed by fluorescence microscopy. The GFP expression was further detected by flow cytometry. The cell proliferation was analysed by CCK-8 assay. SKM-1/GFP cells were inoculated to subcutaneous tissue of the immunodeficiency mice. The growth and invasion of the tumour were observed after tumour formation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>No differences in cell morphology and growth characteristics were observed between SKM-1 cells and SKM-1/GFP cells. The rate of GFP expression was 100%. No differences in cell proliferation were observed between SKM-1 cells and SKM-1/GFP cells. The tumour mass was observed after 14 days of subcutaneous vaccination in NOD/SCID mice. Spontaneous fluorescence from plaque was observed by living fluorescence microscopy at 30th day after vaccination. Homogenous GFP positive cells were observed by fluorescence microscopy in the frozen section of tumour mass. The invasion of SKM-1/GFP cells was also detected in heart, liver, stomach and kidney of mice.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A myelody-splastic syndrome transformed to leukemia cell line stably expressing green fluorescent protein has been established successfully, which can track tumor cell sensitively and can be applied to the research of minimal residual leukemia. The establishment of SKM-1/GFP cells may serve as a powerful means for studing myelodysplastic syndrome transformation.</p>